Nicholas Howarth is an applied economist specializing in economic growth, energy policy, natural resource and environmental issues. He is a research fellow at KAPSARC currently focused on the theme of energy productivity, or how greater value can be obtained from energy consumption, especially through energy efficiency and structural economic reform. Geographically this work is focused on Saudi Arabia and the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). It also seeks to draw on insights from international experience to build connections and improve sustainability outcomes for Saudi Arabia and the Gulf region. He has received several prizes for his academic work. He has a D.Phil. in economic geography from the University of Oxford and has a Bachelor of Economics with honors from the University of Adelaide, South Australia.